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1、 Common communication protocols

Modbus protocol

Modbus is a widely used communication protocol in the field of industrial automation. For NC automatic feeders, they can exchange data with other devices (such as CNC machines) through Modbus protocol.

In the Modbus protocol, there are two transmission modes: ASCII and RTU. ASCII mode transmits data in character form, which is easy to understand and debug, but the transmission efficiency is relatively low; The RTU mode transmits data in binary form, which has high transmission efficiency but also requires high communication quality.

For example, when the feeder needs to send parameters such as feed speed and feed length to the processing equipment, function codes in the Modbus protocol (such as the 03 function code used to read and hold registers) can be used to achieve data read and write operations.

Profibus DP protocol

Profibus DP is a high-speed, low-cost communication protocol primarily used for communication between distributed I/O devices and automation systems.

It adopts master-slave communication mode, and the master station (such as the control system) can poll the status and data of the slave station (NC automatic feeder). Under this protocol, the feeder can provide timely feedback on its operating status (such as whether there is material, fault information, etc.) to the main station. The main station can also send control commands to the feeder according to production needs, such as starting or stopping feeding.

Ethernet/IP protocol

The Ethernet/IP protocol combines Ethernet technology with industrial protocols, allowing NC automatic feeders to communicate with other devices through Ethernet networks.

This protocol supports a large amount of data transmission and is suitable for situations where complex parameters need to be transmitted, such as high-precision feeding position information, material characteristic data, etc. It uses the TCP/IP protocol stack for communication, allowing the feeder to easily access the factory's automation network and achieve remote monitoring and control.

2、 Interface standards

Physical Interface Standards

Common physical interfaces include RS-232, RS-485, and Ethernet interfaces. The RS-232 interface is mainly used for short-range communication, with a transmission distance generally not exceeding 15 meters. Its advantage is simplicity and ease of use, and it still has applications in the docking of some small automation equipment.

The RS-485 interface is suitable for long-distance communication and multi device connection, with a transmission distance of about 1200 meters, and can connect multiple devices (up to 32) through a pair of twisted pair cables. It is widely used in distributed device connection in factory workshops.

The Ethernet interface can provide high-speed data transmission, supporting different transmission rates such as 10/100/1000Mbps, making it convenient for the feeder to connect to the internal network of the enterprise.

Electrical interface standards

For the RS-232 interface, the signal level standard is logic "1" between -3V and -15V, and logic "0" between+3V and+15V. The RS-485 interface adopts differential signal transmission, and the voltage difference between signal lines A and B indicates the signal status. This method has strong anti-interference ability.

Ethernet interface complies with IEEE 802.3 standard and adopts differential Manchester coding and other technologies for signal transmission to ensure high-speed and stable data communication. When connecting, it is necessary to pay attention to the pin definition of the interface and the type of cable to ensure correct electrical connection and communication.

The selection of communication protocol and interface standards for NC automatic feeding machines depends on various factors such as the application scenario of the equipment, the type of equipment connected to it, and the overall architecture of the factory automation system. The correct selection and configuration of communication protocols and interface standards can ensure efficient and stable communication between the feeder and other equipment, thereby improving the automation level and production efficiency of the entire production process.